Frankenstein Film StudyExtension Question 1How does the colour, lighting, costumes and mise en scene used in the film fit in with the gothic horror genre?

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Frankenstein Film Study

Extension Question 1

How does the colour, lighting, costumes and mise en scene used in the film fit in with the gothic horror genre?

Frankenstein, the movie, adapted from the original Mary Shelley text in 1818 has specific values and properties that held together the very dark and gothic atmosphere created so very well by Shelley. In gothic horror works there are a consistent and set amount of properties that it must contain. These are the gothic atmosphere (e.g. weather and lighting) the costumes and setting, suspense and the sound and music. These four ingredients can create marvellous gothic works and the added presence of the original's imagery makes the film put these three to great effect.

Firstly, atmosphere. Atmosphere can create a great sense of surroundings and background, setting the scene and give hint to impending events. It can make the viewer feel cold, give them an eerie feeling or five them a sense of foreboding. Aspects of atmosphere include lighting, weather effects and surroundings. These can also be combined to create an even greater gothic mood by coinciding and even contrasting these effects to be used as visual interpretations, allusions of symbolism, greatly increasing the aspects of the gothic horror genre.

The effect used to the greatest extent in this movie would have to be that of atmosphere and lighting. Throughout the movie light is displayed to different effects to try and convey the feelings and mood for that scene. In figure 1 light is the main element used to convey imagery and feelings into the picture. The darkness and shadow around the monster attracts great attention to who is it, why is it there and what is it going to do? This also creates suspense about what is about to happen which is explained in paragraph . Not only does the light focus attention on the character, it also creates a much more dark and menacing tone. It explains somewhat of the feelings of the monster, the objectives of him and the general tone and mood of this part of the story. It also prepares the audience for an approaching event. As the darkness represents evil, no one could expect something good to happen (suspense) also, the general status of the movie is that over a dark, shadowy sense of foreboding. Atmospherical techniques also are used appropriately throughout the movie to fit in with the gothic horror genre through darkness and weather effects as well as a combination of these to create the greatest sense of gothic atmosphere.

Certainly another vital aspect to any gothic horror work is the incorporation and utilising of costumes and especially the setting. Most gothic horror works are around the15th century where technology was little known. Usually set in Europe and England this provides the backdrop for mysterious and supernatural forces and beings to come into play. The costumes reinforce this by presenting a kind of drab and gloomy mood, adding to the pretence of gothic horror. For example, the costume worn by Frankenstein in Figure 1 tells us a little about him and his gothic characteristics. Costumes also, like the setting and lighting set the mood and expression for a particular scene or character.

This is true for the movie as it is set in the 18th century in Europe, surrounded by a brooding and gloomy atmosphere and dull costumes to amplify the feeling of the gothic genre. Another thing common to this move and the genre is the presence of large castles in an eerie landscape. These give a sense of being alone and there will be no one to help you, adding to the horror of the movie. The costumes also add a greater sense of gothic in this movie. Not only that they describe the gothic time period and the setting. The imagery portrayed by this enhances the overall tone of the movie in that of gothic-horror.

Music and sound are both very vital parts in a film of the gothic-horror genre. They not only amplify the setting, atmosphere and suspense but also increase the tension among the audience and create a more foreboding tone with the right music. As is done in this film where music is used to its full effect to do all of this and more. The music in the movie fits in with the gothic horror genre as it not only sets the tone for the scene and the characters but also adds more gothic elements such as a foreboding feeling, despair and terror. When utilised in the right way, together music and sound can turn a regular gothic film into a great gothic-horror and visa versa, as it is so versatile and can do almost anything, from creation to amplification and manipulation.

Any gothic horror flim would be lost without suspense; it adds intensity, anticipation and most of all, Horror. As Alfred Hitchcock once stated, "There is no terror in the bang, only in the anticipation of it", this quote truly embodies the whole factor of horror, including gothic-horror, in that the 'bang' is quick and instantly over, whereas the eventual and agonising climax to it is much more horrific. This principle is used in gothic horror as al the elements of the movie; atmosphere, setting and sound come together to create an overwhelming sense of fear for what is about to happen.

This is all incorporated into the movie to make it fit into the gothic-horror genre. The atmosphere creates a foreboding and gloomy tone. The setting creates the conflict and anticlimax whereas the music and sound enhance the climatic events and add suspense. When these three are combined a great sense of horror is conveyed to the audience, intensifying their viewing, making them appreciate more the gothic-horror genre. This incorporation of the mise en scene amplifies the horror when it comes as the quote says, making the final 'bang' much more intense and horrific.

The suspense and horror of this film are utilised well to fit in with the gothic-horror genre and make viewing the movie give the audience a fare more amplified an greater sense of the horror in gothic-horror.

Overall, a good gothic-horror work requires the right atmosphere, lighting, setting, music and suspense and is definitely all incorporates simultaneously to create this movie in that respect. This movie, without a doubt comes straight from the gothic horror created by Shelley and the great imagery she portrays is amplified by the four aspects of gothic horror.

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Stone Angel

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This book sux so much!

Introduction

The Republic of Congo is a country that exists today in the mid-Western corner of

Africa.According to the US department of State, this country has approximately .1

million people occupying 4 000 sq. km of land.The Republic of Congo has a republic

government in place at the moment and gained its independence on August 15, 160,

when it separated from the French government.The Republic of Congo is a profoundly

poor country that has an estimated number of only 0% of people who are able to receive

proper health care.Most of the natural resources extracted from the Republic of Congo

are wood, petroleum, potassium, potash, lead, zinc, uranium, and natural gas.The annual

per capita income in US dollars that the Republic of Congo takes for each person is $850,

and most of these people live in the Southwestern portion of the country, which leaves

the northern parts of the country to inhabit jungles and tropical forests.These northern

forests and jungles provide a great resource of timber which is a great moneymaker.

Problem

One of the main problems occurring in the Republic of Congo today is civil war.

Because of the many different religions present in the country, the people easily disagree

on many of the issues brought up or the problems that occur in the country.Civil war in

the Republic of Congo has brought about many problems and issues that are sending it

into a state of severe depression.As shown on the map on pg. 7 of this report, most of

the fighting has taken place near the cities of Brazzaville, Impfondo, Ouesso, Owando,

and Pointe Noire.Civil war has made many people homeless.It has brought about

disease and sanitation problems.Women's and children's rights are being violated.

Prices are skyrocketing in the market place, and starvation has become a major problem

in many parts of the country

Homelessness

The civil war in the Republic of Congo has sent many people fleeing and looking

for temporary homes to subside in while the war continues to go on.This means that

some of the violent people, who are now with little or no possessions at all, now resort to

means of violence to get revenge on those who made them homeless.Families who

choose a more peaceful approach must now accept the way of life poverty and

compounds which have very poor living conditions.Because of this, the war will

continue to take place and more and more people will be driven from their homes and

production of products to keep the country running will fade greatly.

Health Problems

Many people who have been sent homeless from the civil war can no longer have

the proper sanitation and food to live a healthy life.The homeless people who have

made it or have been able to get into compounds are living in crowded, disease stricken

places where as many as 6 to 5 people occupy what a normal family would occupy in

terms of land displacement.These compounds don't have enough washrooms or

bathrooms for their occupants and this results in many of the people living there

developing diseases, and shrinking and dying from malnutrition.

Women's Rights

When civil war happens, many of people's values and codes of conduct are

broken.In the Republic of Congo, many of the villages have been pillaged and raped.

Even children's rights are violated by those who win the little battles amongst the

villagers and the attackers.Many organizations outside of the Republic of Congo are

rallying to help stop this dreadful crime, but many of them cannot break in and get to the

areas of conflict.

Rising Prices of Merchandise

Many food items and articles such as clothing and daily essentials are not being

sent to cities around the Republic of Congo as fats as they are needed.Naturally like any

other place in the world, the more demand that occurs with fewer products, the higher the

price becomes.This becomes a problem for many people throughout the Republic of

Congo because now more money must be spent than normal, which causes most people

to go into a conservative mode and withhold their cash and save it for when they need it.

This is a major issue because when only 0% of this poor country can afford to purchase

a limited supply of goods, the economy really takes a hit.

Why is This a World Issue?

Economically

The civil war that is taking place in the Republic of Congo is ruining the economy

of the country greatly.This can be seen by the fact that the war makes it hard to get

essentials and other articles to parts of the country, which as seen in the above paragraphs

makes the prices go up and the people not want to spend as much as before.For

example, with approximately 5 000 people homeless from the war, those people are not

able to purchase as much from the market because they must worry about shelter and

other means of survival.This can be shown in the graph on the page of this report.The

annual GDP (current) dropped drastically from . billion to .8 billion (World Bank

Group 00).

Religiously

Many religious groups are taking place between the government-rebel war (civil

war) that is taking place among the residents in the Republic of Congo.There are lots of

religious groups in the Republic of Congo.For example, there are 15 principle Bantu

groups and over 70 subgroups according to the US department of State.Among these

groups, there are also Pygmies, who are unrelated to the Bantu.With so many religious

groups and different subgroups, beliefs affect the way people live and act, thus causing a

wide variety of conflicts amongst the occupiers of the Republic of Congo.The countries

in the United Nations are affected by this religious conflict because some of these

countries such as the United States and Russia are providing aid to the government and to

the religious groups that are similar to their own beliefs.This must be done by cash and

donating food and weapons that come from the people in those two countries, which

raises taxes and other means of drawing in money from these two places.This affects

their economy.

Politically

The Republic of Congo is affected politically from this war because the

government has to now spend lots of money to fight back against the rebels who are

destroying government property and killing innocent civilians.For example, 10 000

deaths occurred just in Brazzaville, the capital city in 17 from the civil war

(Webmaster 1).This greatly affects the United Nations because they start sending in

troops and money to help out the government of the Republic of Congo.This is

primarily a factor for the United States, which is the world's most powerful country at

the moment.

Residentially

The residential areas of the Republic of Congo because of the way the rebels

come in and destroy them.The occupants of the villages are now homeless because of

the way the rebels treat them, and are left to fend for themselves.For example, an

estimated number of 5 000 people remain homeless and some of this group may be

lucky enough to get into a compound where they can live with some dignity, but still with

limited sanitation and health risks which become high.Again, the United States is

affected directly because they end up providing support to the country to help out the

homeless people.An estimated amount of .5 million was sent by the States to help out

the people of the Republic of Congo who are in desperate need of attention (UNICEF,

00).

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Principles of the American Government

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Principles of the American Government

12 September 2002

Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws as an Influence of the U.S. Constitution

Almost all of the framers of the United States Constitution were well educated and well read. It is understandably so that many would have read Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws, a book that deals not only with laws, but also with governments. This book contains many ideas of which include: the separation of powers in a government, why these powers should be separated, and other minor items that influenced the framers of the United States Constitution. Probably the most well known of these ideas, are the separation of powers. Thus it can be concluded that Montesquieu's main influence to the United States Constitution, would be the idea of having a government composed of three separate powers so as to make sure that their government (the United States) would not become the one that they just got rid of.

The separation of power is an idea that divides the power of the government among three branches. These branches are the legislative, executive and judicial branches. The legislative branch is in charge of making laws. The executive branch is the part of the government that enforces these laws, and the judicial branch is composed of the courts that determine how the law should be looked at.

"The problem of the distribution of the power of a society, so as to be most favorable to liberty, cannot be solved so long as too much power is given to a single man." (Constitution Society) So how would the framers keep these powers balanced? It was written that:

Madison in Federalist 47, the 1st essay devoted exclusively to separation of powers, endorsed the very same line of reasoning: the reasons on which Montesquieu's grounds his maxim are a further demonstration of his meaning. "When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person or body, there can be no liberty, because apprehensions may arise lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws, to execute them in a tyrannical manner" (Carey 61).

Also that "Madison was not content with a flimsy separation of powers that lunging politicians could smash through like paper." He wanted some sort of barrier to ensure that these branches do not take over any of the other branches, "…and the ultimate and impossible barricade was a system of checks and balances…" thus this system was embedded into our constitution. In order for us to understand why the framers did this, we can look at George Carey's In Defense of the Constitution: "The accumulation of all powers legislative, executive and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few or many and whether hereditary, self appointed, or elective," Madison wrote in Federalist 47 "may justly be pronounced the very definition of tyranny" (Carey 58). To put another tyrant in place of the tyrant that we (the United States) had just gotten rid of would be an injustice to the American people. "We may say then, that the chief end sought through separation of powers was avoidance of capricious and arbitrary government." (Carey 61)

The Constitution clearly says that the legislative powers are to be vested in a Congress which is in turn to be composed of two houses: The Senate, in which each state is represented equally, and the House of Representatives in which each state is represented by the number of people living in that state. They are the branch of government that makes the laws of the United States. If left unchecked, this branch of government could make laws that can further the representative's greedy ambitions rather then the state's that they represent. "The legislative body, being composed of two parts, they check one another by the mutual privilege of rejecting" (Montesquieu 160). This makes sure that each law that comes out cannot deal with just the number of people in a state, but with all the states equally. Also "Were the power of the judging joined with the legislative, the life and liberty of the subject would be exposed to arbitrary control" (Carey 61).

The Legislative branch is does not just deal with making laws, but also has many other important powers. According to the Constitution, Congress can declare war, lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. It also states

12 September 2002

Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws as an Influence of the U.S. Constitution

Almost all of the framers of the United States Constitution were well educated and well read. It is understandably so that many would have read Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws, a book that deals not only with laws, but also with governments. This book contains many ideas of which include: the separation of powers in a government, why these powers should be separated, and other minor items that influenced the framers of the United States Constitution. Probably the most well known of these ideas, are the separation of powers. Thus it can be concluded that Montesquieu's main influence to the United States Constitution, would be the idea of having a government composed of three separate powers so as to make sure that their government (the United States) would not become the one that they just got rid of.

The separation of power is an idea that divides the power of the government among three branches. These branches are the legislative, executive and judicial branches. The legislative branch is in charge of making laws. The executive branch is the part of the government that enforces these laws, and the judicial branch is composed of the courts that determine how the law should be looked at.

"The problem of the distribution of the power of a society, so as to be most favorable to liberty, cannot be solved so long as too much power is given to a single man." (Constitution Society) So how would the framers keep these powers balanced? It was written that:

Madison in Federalist 47, the 1st essay devoted exclusively to separation of powers, endorsed the very same line of reasoning: the reasons on which Montesquieu's grounds his maxim are a further demonstration of his meaning. "When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person or body, there can be no liberty, because apprehensions may arise lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws, to execute them in a tyrannical manner" (Carey 61).

Also that "Madison was not content with a flimsy separation of powers that lunging politicians could smash through like paper." He wanted some sort of barrier to ensure that these branches do not take over any of the other branches, "…and the ultimate and impossible barricade was a system of checks and balances…" thus this system was embedded into our constitution. In order for us to understand why the framers did this, we can look at George Carey's In Defense of the Constitution: "The accumulation of all powers legislative, executive and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few or many and whether hereditary, self appointed, or elective," Madison wrote in Federalist 47 "may justly be pronounced the very definition of tyranny" (Carey 58). To put another tyrant in place of the tyrant that we (the United States) had just gotten rid of would be an injustice to the American people. "We may say then, that the chief end sought through separation of powers was avoidance of capricious and arbitrary government." (Carey 61)

The Constitution clearly says that the legislative powers are to be vested in a Congress which is in turn to be composed of two houses: The Senate, in which each state is represented equally, and the House of Representatives in which each state is represented by the number of people living in that state. They are the branch of government that makes the laws of the United States. If left unchecked, this branch of government could make laws that can further the representative's greedy ambitions rather then the state's that they represent. "The legislative body, being composed of two parts, they check one another by the mutual privilege of rejecting" (Montesquieu 160). This makes sure that each law that comes out cannot deal with just the number of people in a state, but with all the states equally. Also "Were the power of the judging joined with the legislative, the life and liberty of the subject would be exposed to arbitrary control" (Carey 61).

The Legislative branch is does not just deal with making laws, but also has many other important powers. According to the Constitution, Congress can declare war, lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. It also states

Please note that this sample paper on Principles of the American Government is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Principles of the American Government, we are here to assist you.Your research papers on Principles of the American Government will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Raphael

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INTRODUCTION

I chose the subject of Raphael for my research because I find his work very exciting and full of inspiration since first seeing his work, Christ on the Cross (attachment 1), in a book.I especially like his interpretation of biblical scenes.His most famous works are classic examples of High Renaissance art commissioned by the Vatican

Research Questions

I wanted to answer the following questions in my research of Raphael

·Who was this person and what was his childhood like?

·Who and/or what influenced him to select his subjects?

·How did he develop his style of painting?

·Why did he choose to paint for the Pope?

·How did he influence those who came behind him?

My research is presented in three sections.These are

1.Early life and training

.Styles and influences

.Major works and masterpieces

Through my research of the information shown in my bibliography and as outlined here, I learned a great deal about Raphael, his life, and his art.I have a great amount of respect for him and his work.Although his more famous Renaissance contemporaries, Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, get more attention than Raphael, I think that his contribution to art is much more meaningful for me.I am glad that I chose Raphael for my subject and that I had a chance to learn more about this great artist. I recommend that anyone interested in the High Renaissance period review his pictures and his art.

EARLY LIFE AND TRAINING

Raffaello Sanzio was the son of a painter, Giovanni Santi and Magia di Batrtista Ciarla.He was born in 148 in the Italian duchy of Urbino.Urbino was a small center of advanced artistic ideas.Raphael's father encouraged him to learn from these artists.The court of Urbino is where Raphael was introduced to the human element of art and was the stimulus for his subsequent learning.His extraordinary talent as a painter was evident at the age of 17.

In 145, Raphael moved to Perugia where he studied under a noted painter, Pietro Perugino.Raphael absorbed Perugino's style as his own. He assisted Perugino with frescoes he was painting between 148 and 1500.Raphael learned quickly and between 1501 and 150, he received a commission to paint his first major works, the Coronation of the Virgin (attachment 1), for the church of San Fancisco, Perugia followed by the Marriage of the Virgin (attachment 1).

Perugino is credited with influencing the "softness" that Raphael used in his art.However, Raphael's style was much different from his teacher's in that his figures are less formal and more animated. His figures are described as having gentle relationship between anda "sweetness" about them.

STYLE AND INFLUENCES

Raphael matured in his talent at Perugia.In 1504, he moved to Florence, the center of the Renassiance masters, Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, who were at the high point of their careers.Studying under these and other great art masters, Raphael's style expanded in Florence.Da Vinci's painting, Madonna and Child with St. Anne, influence on Raphael and came to life in the many Madonna paintings he did between 1505 and 1507.One of his most notable madonnas is Madonna with Child painted in 1505 (attachment ).

Raphael learned the "Florentine" method of painting pyramidal masses of figures, where each figure in a group retains its own shape and definition. From da Vinci, Raphael also learned the use of lighting and shading.He went beyond Leonardo, however, in creating his own style where faces are round, gentle and serene and display typical human sentiments and expressions.

The high point of Raphael's work in Florence was his painting, The Deposition of Christ (attachment ).Raphael was much influenced in this work by the style of Michelangelo in his use of the expression.However, Raphael's figures are calmer and outgoing than the severe figures of da Vinci and Michelangelo.

Pope Julius II, asked Raphael, in 1508, to come to Rome to work for the Vatican.Although he was only 5 and very young for such major work, Raphael's career as a master artist moved steadily forward.He gained the favor of the Pope and was very popular in Rome.

During his last twelve years of life, he worked energetically on many masterpieces.His first commission was to decorate the Papal apartment with frescoes which he completed over many years.Raphael's fresco in the rooms called the Stanza della Segnatura, painted from 1508 to 1511is called his greatest work and includes four famous masterpieces the Disputa, School of Athens, Parnassus¸ and Cardinal Virtues.The two most famous of these are Disputa and School of Athens.

The Disputa (attachment ) is a celestial vision of God, his prophets, apostles and church representatives.It represents the triumph of the Roman Catholic Church and the triumph of truth.

The School of Athens (attachment ) is a secular piece that shows the Greek philosophers Aristotle and Plato surrounded by philosophers who came before and after them.It represents the continual progression of Platonic thought.The complex scene includes groups of men with Plato and Aristotle at the central focus point.This fresco is considered to be one of the best examples and the culmination of High Renaissance art.

Raphael continued to work for the Vatican after the death of Pope Julius II in 151.Julius's successor, Pope Leo X, hired Raphael to complete his work on the Papal rooms in the Vatican.In contrast to the previous Stanza della Segnatura, the frescoes in the later rooms were more bold in subject and more dramatic lighting and colors.

As he did in Florence, Raphael continued to paint madonnas in Rome.His Roman madonnas are more energetic and bold.He was considered the most important portrait painter in Rome at this time.His advanced work at portraits is shown in his most famous, Leo X with Two Cardinals, painted in 1517-151 (attachment 4).

Raphael also worked as an architect having designed the church of Sant' Eligio degli Orefici in 151.He also studied archeology and Leo X appointed him to take charge of Roman antiquities in 1515 as well as all the Vatican's art projects at the time.

The last masterpiece by Raphael, the Transfiguration, (attachment 4) was commissioned by the Pope in 1517 and was not yet complete when Raphael died in 150.It was completed by his follower and student, Giulio Romano after his death and now hangs in the Vatican Museum.

Raphael spent his life creating art that reflected his life of inspiration where there was little tension or doubt.He transferred thought and harmony from his life to his work that has been studied and admired in all periods since his death.

On 6 April 150, his 7th birthday, Raphael died in Rome and was buried in the Pantheon in Rome.He had helped make Rome the most important center of art and culture and the focal point of the Renaissance.

Please note that this sample paper on Raphael is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Raphael, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on Raphael will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Diabetes Mellitus

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BIRTH DEFECTS

DIABETES MELLITUS

There are hundreds of different kinds of birth defects, and diabetes mellitus is one of the most common birth defects that exists.Not all birth defects are apparent at birth but diabetes can be detected at a very young age and sometimes even in utero.In the past, little could be done to improve the chances of having a healthy baby.Today, organizations continually fund research into the cause, prevention, and treatment of all types of birth defects.Diabetes affects more than 100 million people worldwide, and it is among the most common causes of death and disability in North America and Europe.It is such a common disease that is taken lightly by many people, but ultimately leads to serious complications over time.Diabetes mellitus is a disease where the body's cells cannot use glucose properly for lack of or resistance to the hormone insulin, produced by the pancreas (The Complete Canadian Health Guide, p45).The three distinct types of diabetes are Type I, Type II, and gestational diabetes in which all acquire similar diagnosis and treatment, symptoms, causes, and complications.

What is Type I diabetes? Type I, or insulin-dependent diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks and destroys cells in the pancreas that produce insulin.In type I the person has either completely stopped making insulin or only makes a very small amount of the hormone.Without insulin the body's cells cannot utilize glucose and remains in a state of starvation, regardless of how much the person eats.This is why people with this disease must take insulin on a daily basis.The insulin is injected beneath the skin into the body's subcutaneous tissue (Diabetes, p16).Untreated type I affects the metabolism of fat.Since the body cannot convert glucose into energy, it begins to break down stored fat for fuel (Encarta Encyclopedia, p).Ten percent of those with diabetes have type I, formerly called "juvenile" diabetes.It affects one in 600 North Americans, mostly children, often showing up in adolescence.Even though this illness affects a small percentage of people with diabetes, its effects on the body is often the most severe (Diabetes, p16).The causes of diabetes are heredity and environmental factors.Some of these environmental factors include any diseases or infections that strike the mother during pregnancy, alcohol, tobacco smoke, drugs, and radiation (The Developing Child, p71).Symptoms of type I often seem to come on suddenly.The key signs or symptoms of type I are frequent urination, blurred vision, unusual thirst, extreme hunger, easy tiring, irritability and nausea.Those with type I are frequently lean.Besides taking insulin shots as needed, people with type I must learn to be consistent in their food intake and exercise regularly (The Canadian Health Guide, p460).

Type II or non-insulin-dependent diabetes tends to develop gradually in later life.It is also known as "maturity" or "adult-onset" diabetes.Type II accounts for 0 percent of all people with diabetes; Caucasians, African-North Americans, Hispanics, and aboriginal North Americans are especially prone to it.By the age 65, it affects 10 percent of the North American population.Currently, 1.5 million Canadians have been diagnosed, an additional 750 000 Canadians have the disease but don't know it.Many people with type II have none of the usual symptoms and therefore remain oblivious to the problem for years, until complications begin to appear.Type II diabetes means that your pancreas is functioning and making plenty of insulin.Insulin resistance occurs and the pancreas can become overworked and eventually may not make enough, or any, insulin (Managing Your Diabetes, p1,,,4).Type II is not "mild" diabetes just because routine insulin injections aren't needed to sustain life.The strongest factors or causes of type II diabetes are family history of diabetes and obesity.In North America, 80 percent of those diagnosed are overweight (TCCHG, p46).Although at times the symptoms are so mild they go undetected, the most common signs of the illness include increased thirst and urination, exhaustion, nausea, blurred vision, dry flaky skin, skin wounds that are slow to heal, tingling or loss of sensation in the hands or feet (Diabetes, p1).

Gestational diabetes develops in some women during pregnancy and then disappears after they give birth.There's a connection between gestational diabetes and the onset of type II in later life.Pregnancy rises a woman's chances of developing diabetes by 16 percent after she turns 40.Thirty to forty percent of women who experience gestational diabetes develop type II diabetes within five to ten years (Diabetes, p).Gestational diabetes affects to 5 percent of pregnancies in Canada.In some pregnant women, it develops for the first time.Two things may trigger diabetes weight gain and the production of certain hormones which alter the way insulin works.A baby born to a diabetic mother, although very large may have immature organs and suffer the complications of prematurity.If blood sugar levels cannot be normalized, complications may arise during pregnancy (TCCHG, p46).Gestational diabetes shows up in the last half of the pregnancy, from the 4th week onward.During pregnancy, the body must produce an increasing supply of insulin that enables glucose to move from the bloodstream into the cells.Some factors and causes include family history, previous stillbirth, previous birth in which baby weighed more than pounds, obesity, high blood pressure(hypertension), history of skin, genital, or urinary tract infections, a twin or triplet pregnancy, and age over 5 (Managing Your Gestational Diabetes, p4).Risks for the baby when the mother has gestational diabetes are macrosomia, hypoglycemia, jaundice, and respiratory distress syndrome (p).

When diabetes mellitus is left untreated many complications could arise.Type I diabetes can result in diabetic coma, a state of unconsciousness caused by extremely high levels of glucose in the blood, or death.In both type I and type II diabetes, blood sugar, blood pressure, and blood fats must be well controlled to prevent possible development of blindness, kidney failure, and heart disease.Tiny blood vessels in the body may become blocked, resulting in retinopathy and nephropathy.Blocked vessels may also lead to loss of feeling, particularly in the lower legs.Other complications include higher risk pregnancies in diabetic women and a greater occurrence of dental disease (Encarta Encyclopedia, p).

There are different kinds of tests that doctors use for the diagnosis of each of the three types of diabetes.The first test for diagnosis is done by measuring the amount of glucose in the blood after the individual has fasted for several hours.This is known as the glucose tolerance test.This test is used for the diagnosis for both type I and type II diabetes (Encarta Encyclopedia, p4).The urine sugar test is used to screen for gestational diabetes.If tests show abnormally high amounts of glucose for at least of the total 4 readings, the patient surely has gestational diabetes (Managing Your Gestational Diabetes, p8).

Diabetes mellitus is certainly one of the many birth defects to look out for when planning to start a family.It is a wise decision to seek genetic counseling in advance, in order to prevent any hereditary defects from happening.Genetic counseling may be provided by several different types of doctors, including family doctors.If necessary, special laboratory tests may be performed and the counselor may be able to tell the couple whether genetic problems are indeed present.

Please note that this sample paper on Diabetes Mellitus is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Diabetes Mellitus, we are here to assist you.Your research papers on Diabetes Mellitus will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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South east asia culture and society : "Three seasons" & vietnam today.

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The film "Three Seasons" was made in 1 by Tony Bui, an ethnic Vietnamese. As a boy, his family migrated to seek a better life in the United States, where he, while barely out of film school made this directorial debut based on his experiences of his many trips back to Vietnam.

"Three Seasons" is set in Ho Chi Minh City, on the south of Vietnam. The recurring theme here is the urbanization, modernization and the western capitalism that comes with it. The main characters in this film do not meet, but are similar in that they are the consequences of this modernization of Ho Chi Minh city and, possibly, of rural-urban migration.

During the Vietnam War, many refugees fled to the cities and towns. Although many moved back to the villages following reunification (of north and south Vietnam) in 176, some did not, thereby contributing to rapid urban growth characteristic of Southeast Asian countries since the pacific war (Hill, 00).

People are migrating from the rural areas to the urban centers in the north and south (Central Census Steering Committee, 000) and Ho Chi Minh City now is maturing as a metropolitan area. It is a montage of "Chinese" shop-houses against skyscrapers, of cyclos and motorcycles among taxis and buses, of street hawkers beside new hotels, of the "informal sector" and "formal sector".

Kien An is the representative of the "old", more traditional Vietnam. She is an orphaned girl who works at a lotus farm under Teacher Dao.

In this case, Kien An has no family and Teacher Dao and everyone else at the farm acts as her family. The family is the basis of economic organization at the farm, the role of the father and parents in general is reinforced by Confucian traditions and family relations provide a general model for authority relations. Kien An is taught "not to question the teacher" and she is at Teacher Dao's beck and call as he sends for her in the middle of the night. Hierarchical authority is implied here as Teacher Dao is the Head of the household and Kien An, being the young girl, is lowest in ranking.

Dressed in a simple "Ao Dai", the traditional dress of the Vietnamese, Kien An indulges herself in song and poetry in the course of a day's work. She later discovers her Teacher Dao's talent in poetry and helps him regain his interest in the art. This is not surprising as poetry has been a very powerful and popular form of literature in Vietnam and, traditionally, Poets have been respected.

The temple Teacher Dao lives in and the lotuses on the farm surrounding the temple are symbolic of Buddhism. Although the Communist regime has succeeded in encouraging a secular society in recent years (according to the 001 world values survey only 10% of the Vietnamese public view religion as very important in their lives), Buddhism is the dominant religion among those who practice a religion.

The lack of health services caused Teacher Dao's leprosy, a disease completely curable since 181, to deteriorate and forces him into seclusion because of the social stigma attached to it.

Clearly living in a rural area with paddle boats, wooden houses and rattan baskets, Kien An travels daily on a packed van with others from the farm to the city where she sells her lotuses.

Kien An is not the only one selling petty commodities in the city. Throughout the movie, we see vendors selling things like food. They operate until the late hours of the night, most probably because of intense competition and because many are running their own "businesses", they see the labour costs as zero and opening their stalls as long as possible maximizes the possible income.

Kien An's arrival in the city juxtaposes the old Vietnam against the capitalist economy-the result of "Doi Moi" (an economic renovation introduced in 186 to allow price floats, private business sectors, decollectivized farmlands and the liberalization of foreign trade and investment). We see billboards screaming "Coca-cola" and "Carlsberg", sparkling new hotels and taxis. At one point of time, Kien An even has difficulties selling her lotuses and she is bewildered as she discovers that even lotus selling has commercialized. Mass produced plastic lotuses that are as huge and sweet smelling as hers are flooding the street. In her desperation, she meets Hai, who buys a few stalks of her fresh lotuses.

Hai is a cyclo driver. He is most probably a migrant from the rural areas using his labour to earn a living, as he has none of the modern skills needed in the new economy.

The city was a magnet for its own sake. In it anyone could make a living of some kind even if were as a member of an underclass living rough in the interstices of the urban fabric (Hill, 00).

Hai and his fellow cyclo drivers illustrate Vietnam's poverty since the Vietnam war. Most of them do not even have a roof over their heads and spend the night sleeping in their cyclos.

A pretty lady, Lan, to whom he gives a ride is one who has succumbed to western imperialism. She is dressed in western clothes and works as a prostitute to earn as much money as possible so she can live a good life in future. It is perhaps because of the lack of high-wage jobs for women or her lack of "modern skills" like a good education or ability to work with machines (technology in general) that has excluded her from the new economy. She services her foreign clients in one of the flashy hotels in the city and tells Hai that she wants to sleep on a big bed with air conditioning and that it's a different world in the hotels and one day she wants to remain in that world, even if she has to marry someone from there.

Prostitution, in some sense, allows some women that are able to take advantage of the opportunity to live the American dream, to enjoy and extend increased consumerism to their families. Modernization and sophisticated advertisements have also brought new desires for consumer goods to villagers and a shift towards a cash economy. (Hall, 14)

For Lan, she pins her hopes on prostitution as a way of achieving her dream of marrying a rich man who will save her from her poverty and allow her to stay in the world of big comfortable beds and air conditioning.

As Hai brings Lan closer to her home on his cyclo, we start to see the disparities between the rich and poor in Ho Chi Minh City. From the flashy billboards and bright lights, we are brought to Lan's world, a small street that is actually a train track with old houses by the side. The street is hardly lit and Lan complains about having electricity blackouts three times a week.

Surprisingly, Hai, the cyclo driver, and Kien An, the farm girl, are literate. Hai enjoys reading and Kien An writes down the poetry Teacher Dao dictates to her. Despite the Vietnamese economy being poor since the Vietnam war and the government has often been unable to channel enough money towards education, 88 percent of the Vietnamese population above 15 years of age can read and write (Statistic from the World Trade Press, 000).

As the monsoon season sets in, we are introduced to Woody. Woody is a five year old street child, one of the more than 1000 "children of dust" roaming the streets of Vietnam. The problem is intense in Ho Chi Minh city as a third of Vietnam's street children are found there. Like the street children in other South East Asian countries like Thailand and Indonesia, Woody is the product of urbanization, poverty and forced circumstances.

Woody is part of a gang and his "master" leaves him temporarily homeless when he loses his case filled with odd things to sell. Woody and the other street children are shoe shiners, car attendants and vendors of things ranging from postcards to Zippo lighters to chewing gum. Woody meets a little girl, another street child, who collects drink cans and picks up an old discarded hat and wears it. His own case is filled with watches, lighters, cigarettes, chewing gum and postcards. He stands outside hotels and literally pesters pedestrians to purchase one of his trinkets. In the course of this, we see him enter a posh hotel and a bar whole trying to get people to buy his things. He looks around in awe at the world he has never been in, what Hai and his cyclo driver friends refer to the place that smells like money.

Generally, the children hit the streets because of domestic problems (children from broken families or overcrowded families or orphaned kids are examples), because they have to supplement the family income or just to pass time. Many live in the streets simply because their families do not have the financial means to raise them.

The breakdown of the traditional extended family structures due to rural-urban migration of the younger members of the family and nuclear families, which are favoured in the urban areas, leave many young children unattended. While grandparents, older siblings and uncles or aunts were able to help look after children in the past, the children who eventually become street children were not able to receive care and socialization from the family. Although a large portion of the Vietnamese public think traditional family values are important (world values survey, 001), it seems that it is hardly put into practice in the city.

While these children have become a statistic of severe poverty and evidence of the differences between the rich and poor, they pose a social problem not just because of the sheer numbers they come in, but also because groups (governmental and non-governmental) need to find ways to settle and educate these children who, in a way, do not fit into the "normal" social life they are neither in school, they are perceived as rowdy etc.

Woody's life crosses paths with James Hager, an American ex-GI from the days of the Vietnam war. James is the reminder of Vietnam's war-torn past and he is back in Ho Chi Minh City in search of a daughter he had with a Vietnamese woman in the 160s. He finally finds her on the day before he was planning to leave.

James' daughter being the illegitimate child of an American soldier faces rejection by the Vietnamese society and works as a prostitute for foreigners to earn her keep.

Amidst all the pessimism, the film brings transports us back to the "old' Vietnam when Kien An goes to the floating market of Teacher Dao's childhood. She fulfils Teacher Dao's wish of releasing his lotuses into the river, where he will be "free and pure" (symbolic of filial piety and Buddhism respectively).

At the floating market, similar to the famous "Cai Rang", we see many boats alongside each other selling agricultural produce and livestock like chicken and ducks. These floating markets are not unique to Vietnam and can be found in some parts of Cambodia and Thailand as well.

By focusing on the difficult lives of the lower class, the director, Bui, paints a somewhat pessimistic picture of the lives of the people despite Ho Chi Minh City being an economic capital of Vietnam.

As Bui puts it in an interview (Black Cat Media Associates Ltd, 1), "Saigon is a weird mixture of old and new right now… … they try to hold onto some of their identity, but the Western influence is quickly moving in and taking over much of Vietnam… … I remember when there were no neon signs and the Russian Kiosks were still in the streets… … Now it's all Australian, German, French, Japanese tourists. The films shows this as bitter sweet - the loss of identity for the benefits of the modern world, the Western world."

With the implementation of "Doi Moi" have come movements from the countryside to the cities and changes in family and other structures and values.

For example, we see farms, but the produce is being sold in the cities. We see commercialization of previously small-scale farm enterprises and we see Lan's materialism, a representative of Vietnam's younger generation whose perceptions have been changed by capitalism. (A survey done by the Thanh Nien newspaper showed that .7of young couples polled said that home appliances were the most important factor in family happiness.)

In the midst of forming the "modern world", the social problems of poverty and street children and cultural imperialism caused are very real, not only in Vietnam, but also in many cities of Southeast Asian countries like the Philippines and Indonesia.

References

Bui T. (Director). (1). Three Seasons [film]. October Films.

Evans G. (ed.). 1. Asia's Cultural Mosaic an anthropological introduction. Prentice Hall.

Hill R. 00. Southeast Asia - People, land and economy. Allen & unwin

World Book. [CD-Rom]. 00. World Book, Inc.

Dalton R.J, & Ong N.N.T. 001. The Vietnamese public in transition. California, Irvine University of California Center for the Study of Democracy.

Dalton R.J., Pham M.H., Pham T.N., Ong N.T.T. 001. Social Relations and Social Capital in Vietnam. California, Irvine University of California Center for the Study of Democracy.

"New spirits fear old ones" Change in the Vietnamese family. Available Online http//hsc.csu.edu.au/pta/scansw/vietnam.html

Vietnam a country study. Available Online http//memory.loc.gov/frd/cs/vntoc.html

Vietnam strives to solve street children concern. Available online http//www.globalmarch.org.clns/clns-august-01-001.htm

Three Seasons and an interview with Tony Bui. Available online http//www.blackcatmedia.com/threeseasons.html

Ngo K.C, Flamm M & Vu N.B. Street Children. Available online http//vwam.com/vets/children/forward.htm

Hall J. 14. Prostitution in Thailand and Southeast Asia. Available online http//www.links.net/vita/swat/course/prosthai.htmlPlease note that this sample paper on south east asia culture and society : "Three seasons" & vietnam today. is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on south east asia culture and society : "Three seasons" & vietnam today., we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college papers on south east asia culture and society : "Three seasons" & vietnam today. will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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T-Shirt Industry

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on T-Shirt Industry. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality T-Shirt Industry paper right on time.

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The name of the small business that I will be opening is the T-shirt Planet.What is unique about T-shirt planet is that I will be caring smaller brands, which are not sold everywhere.The difference is that, that my store will have the new unisex sizing T-shirts.Which are really for both men and women? Many customers prefer to buy one unisex style instead of purchasing separate mens and womens styles in two different size scales.What is best about the new unisex sizing is that they offer the best fit in a garment style for both men and women.I will be carrying patriotic (USA Flag) T-shirts, T-shirts with animals and cool mascat art.I would also have some military styles in colors of fall.

My business is a part of clothing industry.IN a clothing industry it's important to have new fabrics in the line such as cotton terry, and polyester.Loyal fashion customers dont want to be surprised, Cohen advised.They want to be comfortable and take pride in what they buy.Clothing industry is very exciting, because it has to serve up fresh looks season after season.It also has to maintain consistent styles and fit standards while offering new colors and fabrics among customers.

I will be targeting teenagers, and also people in ages of 0 to 7, no matter what gender and ethnicity.The geographic region where my T-shirt Planet will be located is Miami, Florida.I choose this region, because of its warm climate, which attracts customers.Most of my customers would be the tourists and the people living there.

To finance my business I would have to go to the bank, which offer Loan Guaranty Program, Small Business Investment Companies and Low Doc. One page SBA loan.SBAs business loans are actually made by private lenders such as banks, but repayment is partially guaranteed by the agency.Guaranteed loans may be as large as $ 1,000,000.The average size of an SBA guaranteed business loan is $ 08,000.Term of this loan depends on ability to repay; generally working capital is 5-7 years.If the loan term is under 7 years, the maximum prime rate is .5 %; 7 years or more, the rate will be .75 %.The One page SBA loan is same as Loan Guaranty Program except it may not be used to repay certain types of existing debt.A Small Business Investment Company (SBIC) is a privately owned firm that provides venture capitol to small enterprises.SBICs are intended to be profit making organizations.

The easiest way to finance your business is to use your existing credit cards or establish a credit card on your business.This type of financing requires a decent credit history.

Please note that this sample paper on T-Shirt Industry is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on T-Shirt Industry, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on T-Shirt Industry will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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"Alone" by Edgar Allan Poe

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What is meant by being alone? Some would describe being alone in a figurative manner, such as being with other people but feeling alone inside. While others would give being alone a literal definition, such as actually being isolated from other humans. In the poem Alone, Edgar Allan Poe talks about being alone in terms of not being able to experience things as others do. Poe presents gothic images of a person who feels alone in this world. Poe accomplishes this by contrasting how the speaker views himself, with how he views the rest of the world emphasizing the isolation he feels from the rest of the world.

Poe draws many contrasts throughout the poem to emphasize the speakers isolation from the rest of the world. In the beginning of the poem the author tells us that even during his childhood he was different than other people. From my childhood s hour I have not been / As others were (line 1). He also says he viewed things from a different perspective than other people did. I have not seen/ As others saw Also, he states he was unable to feel deep strong love from the same source as other people. I could not bring/ My passions from a common spring() Spring here symbolizes a origin or source of passion. His source of passion has never been the same as those around him. The speaker compares his view with the views of others, to allow the reader to draw a line between the two and see the difference. His view is completely different from everyone else s. This difference is what makes the speaker an outside. This is the reason he feels isolated. We may then ask the question, what causes him to view things as he does? The speaker never answers this question, but instead offers the term mystery as the cause.

In addition, the author tells the reader that mystery which still affects him is derived from everything good and bad in his life. From every depth of good and ill/ The mystery which binds me still. The mystery stops the speaker from being able to see the world as everyone else does. It controls him and makes him view everything in a negative context. It causes the speaker to view water as a rushing violent torrent, while others would see it as a peaceful fountain. From the torrent, or the fountain(1) The word torrent depicts an image of violent rushing energy, while fountain portrays an image of peacefulness. When the speaker relates these images to his own perspective and the perspective of others, it emphasizes the difference between his feelings and those of others.

Towards the end of the poem the speaker presents images of nature such as the red cliff of the mountain and the sun. The speaker is effective in converting these images into beautiful and calm images when he says Heaven was blue. However he applies a technique of brackets at the end of the poem. (When the rest of Heaven was blue) He uses brackets while he talks about how he sees the thunder, the storm and the gothic image of demon formed by the cloud. These terms usually do not match with blue sky. Yet the lines in the bracket suggest that others see a peaceful blue sky while he sees the dark image of a demon. This intensifies the isolation that the speaker feels because it draws a line separating from others views when the sky is viewed peacefully to others and demon to the speaker.

In conclusion, Poe is effective in presenting gothic images of a person by contrasting how the speaker views himself, with how he views the rest of the world. The speaker draws a line between himself and others signifying the differences. This emphasizes the speakers isolation from the rest of the world. Poe also accomplishes dark images to let the readers think about the mysterywhich he presents during the poem. This mystery is unknown and may be dark-threatening the speaker to be isolated from the rest of the world, and so he feels alone.

Please note that this sample paper on "Alone" by Edgar Allan Poe is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on "Alone" by Edgar Allan Poe, we are here to assist you.Your college papers on "Alone" by Edgar Allan Poe will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Spam War

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Spam Wars

Half of all e-mail will be junk-costing billions and clogging the Internet. Spam is ultimately called a tragedy of the commons. It is more akin to the marketer who would mount loudspeakers on a vehicle and drive through your neighborhood at 00 A.M. blasting an advertisement. Or someone who would break into a TV or radio signal with his own broadcast or cable equipment in order to insert his advertisements. The counterattack has begun, software companies are rushing to build defense .

Key Points In The Article

Moore's Law (Gordon Moore) of microchip processing power the number of daily spam messages is doubling roughly every 18 months. To avert such catastrophe, electronic warriors are fighting the scourge of spam using three-principle tactic.

1.The rapid adoption of spam-blocking-and-filtering software by consumer, corporate networks and Internet service provider.

.Instituting more drastic changes in the way e-mail and the Internet work, perhaps imposing new costs to send messages or developing the ability to trace e-mail messages like phone calls.

.Involving not only better law enforcement and prosecution of spammers but even a ban on all unsolicited commercial e-mail.

An Anti-Junk Arsenal

The filter processes about 10 percent of the world's email flow.Junk e-mail operators use programs called spambots to register for thousands of free online e-mail accounts. It is not only harvest e-mail addresses posted on web sites but connect to the major Internet service providers and systematically send standard address verification request to guessed addresses.

Smarter Shields

When a user deletes several unopened messages about mortgage refinancing, for instance, a Bayesian filter learns to discard e-mail with that kind of terminology. If you typically do read such messages, however, the filter will take note of that and consider it normal e-mail. If everyone's filter has different probabilities of different messages getting through, it makes it harder for the spammers.

Crippling the Attackers

Blacklist are collections of Internet Protocol addresses, domain names and server farms that have been implicated in spewing spam; any mail originating from these tainted places will be blocked. Authentication based on domain identity with digital signatures should block spam attacks.

The Legal Front

Technology alone will never win the war. Fewer than 00 people send ninety percent of spam.Spam plague is a criminal-justice dilemma that can be eradicated only with active participation of legislatures and courts. US House of representative passed an anti-spam bill.

Critical Thinking Questions asked and answered

What is the real issue about spam?

Unsolicited Bulk E-mail (UBE) is a core problem. If we control UBE, there will be a meaningful impact on spam.

Why not Internet Service Provider block there spammer users?

In this down economy all telecomm companies are looking for potential customers. Spammer's are the premium customer for the most of the ISP.

How can e-mail address that's neither listed nor used start-receiving spams?

Slammer use Dictionary attacks to find e-mail addresses.

What are the ways of controlling spam?

1.Signature based filtering

.Collaborative filtering in which users vote on which messages constitute spam.

.Gateway corporate network that intercepts spam before it reaches desktops.

4.Heuristic or rule based content filtering in which a filter scans e-mail for junk mail tip-off terms.

5.Bayesian or probability based filtering that learns each user's definition of spam.

6.Circle of trust clearance, which only lets through e-mail from pre-authorized users.

7.Vaccination, which hides users e-mail addresses from spammers.

How Spam Spreading mechanism works?

1.Software systematically guesses e-mail addresses and opens a connection to an unsecured open proxy server

.The open proxy ser, which disguises the spammer's identity, relays requests for verification of each of the addresses.

.The open proxy server routes responses to the verification requests back to the spammer.

4.Software sorts the responses and adds the valid addresses to the spammer's mailing list.

What If We Just Do Nothing?

Spam has the potential to act as a denial of service attack against real mail. Real messages may easily get missed in amongst all the spam. Accounts may go over quota from spam, and begin bouncing all email. Spam sent to mailing lists you host may get sent on to subscribers, who may then unsubscribe from those lists.

Impact / relation to your organization/job

Mail blocking by imperfect mail filters causes significant losses to legitimate business use of email. Keeping in mind that much spam may contain particularly objectionable sexually related content which is against companies rules. Cost of fighting spam includes peoples time, hardware, software and services.

Recommendations

1.If spammers show up uninvited, then lets eliminate all mail that does not have prior permission, no matter how much such mail is a critical part of commerce and serendipity.

.If spammers use HTML content, then we must ban all HTML in e-mail.

.If spammers send mail about Viagra or pornography, then we must ban all mail that mentions these things, no matter the impact on free speech.

4.If we make sure that an e-mail sending host is properly identified, host identification is at the core of a number of popular proposals.

5.If we make sure that the author of each e-mail is properly identified. We could make every e-mail host identify itself, and we would still have masses of spam. We could require that message content be signed, and we would still have masses of spam. We can not eliminate all the spam, but we can control them down to an acceptable level.

6.There is no international law and we are never going to get all countries in the world to pass, and vigorously enforce, strong anti-spam laws. Spammers will mount their global attacks from whatever haven is available. Better laws will provide a clear, common, operational definition of spam, and better laws will provide meaningful guidelines for acceptable behavior. We need to build laws under World Trade Organization (WTO) umbrella.

7.Never respond to remove instructions unless you really subscribed to their list.

Summary

The junk in your mailbox is just the tip of that iceberg. Lying beneath the surface are the, guesses the spammer made to discover your mailbox. This is likely to grow worse as spammers work harder to get around anti-spam schemes. Spam is organized crime come to the Internet. Theyre just the first wave. Next will come the real, professional, marketers, the ones with the millions, and in some cases billions, of dollars in their ad budgets. We need a build, deploy and enforce anti-spam technogies.

Reference

Evan I. Schwartz (00, July/August). Spam Wars. Technology Review, 106(6), -.

Gordon Moore's Law, from http//www.intel.com/research/silicon/mooreslaw.htm

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An inspector calls

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on An inspector calls. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality An inspector calls paper right on time.

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In act 1 both Sheila Birling and Eva Smith were introduced to the audience. Compare these characters and explain why priestly has included them?

An Inspector Calls was written by J.B .Priestley in 145, the last year of the Second World War, the play is set in 11, two years before the First World War. The play reflects how different people's priorities and opinions were in 11 as apposed to 145. In 11 the upper class owned Britain, many people were underpaid, prices were kept high and wages low. The group that suffered the most were working class women; the character of Eva Smith reflects this in the play. The war dramatically altered the social face of Britain in many ways, the classes were pulled together and everyone helped out, the class divide seemed to e shattered.In act 1 both Sheila Birling and Eva Smith To present the results for this method I decided that the most effective way was to use bar charts for each location Cofton hill and the visitor centre. By using bar charts you can easily see the differences by the length of the bars and also I decided to make my bar charts start in the centre of the page so they could go into minus and plus which allows me to see the quality of the environment is poor (minus) or good (plus). With the range that I used (- to +) I can also see how good or bad the particular part of the environment I am looking at is. Also I can add up the amount of pluses and the amount of minuses for each location and the one with the higher number effectively has the best environment.

After comparing the two bar charts it is easy to see that Cofton hill has the best environment due to only three of the bars going into the minus section where as in the bar chart for the visitor centre only three of the bars go into the plus section. When you look at the number at the bottom of each bar chart which shows the total of all the plusses and minuses you can see that Cofton hill has +11 and the visitor centre has 8 this tells us that Cofton hills environment is allot better than that of the visitor centre. These graphs also show us that the visitor centre most likely has a lot more people in that area due to the environment being more damaged and more crowded.

Hypothesis C Environmental quality will be highest away from the visitor centre.

After viewing my results and graphs I think that my hypothesis may be correct due to their being more plusses at Cofton hill than at the visitor centre.

were introduced to the audience. Compare these characters and explain why priestly has included them?

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Yeso

If you order your research papers from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on yeso. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality yeso paper right on time.

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Prime Minister John Howard has ignited an international debate by saying he would be willing to order a pre-emptive strike to stop a terrorist attack against Australia. Mr Howard told Channel Nine any prime minister who had the capacity to prevent an attack against Australia would be failing the most basic test of office if he did not use it, as long as there was no alternative. South-east Asian governments have condemned the statement, saying Australia does not have the right to launch attacks in other countries. Can Australia justify military operations in other countries and, if so, what criteria should be used to decide if such action is warranted? Is Mr Howard exposing Australia to further terrorist strikes by making such a bold statement? Or is the reaction to Mr Howards comment out of proportion to what he actually said? And does Australia have the military strength to back up Mr Howards assertion, or will Australia have to rely on the United States

toothless tiger

With the possibility of the US taking unilateral military action war against Iraq gaining momentum, what should the United Nations (UN) be doing to solve the crisis? US President George W Bush is critical of the UNs effectiveness in dealing with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and has called for the UN Security Council to face its responsibilities. Prime Minister John Howard says the UNs authority may be fatally damaged if it does not act against Iraq. So is the United Nations a relevant force on the world stage or a toothless tiger. Do you think chief UN weapons inspector Dr Hans Blixs report to the UN Security Council makes a case for war against Iraq? How likely is it the US will go to war without backing from the UN? With Australian troops on their way to the Persian Gulf, whats your view of Australias commitment to the military build-up in the Gulf? Is the US justified in continuing to build up its forces in the Gulf in preparation for war? Should Australia continue supporting the US or make stronger diplomatic efforts in the UN arena?

Why we might have to go to war

February 1 00

Everybody hopes for peace. But what if Saddam really is as big a danger as Bush says he is? By Pamela Bone.

It is a great contradiction that while democratic countries are again preparing for war, most people who live in democracies dont want it. The peace movement is stronger now than at any time in the past. And though those out marching for peace may still be a minority, poll after poll shows a majority in nearly every country is opposed to a war against Iraq.

Its very often said it was the Vietnam War, the first war to be shown on television, that changed peoples minds (and I urge anyone who has half forgotten that time to go and see The Quiet American, the film of Graham Greenes novel of the same name). But the opposition is particularly strong in Europe, where a generation still remembers the slaughter of World War II. Its even strong in the United States, where most people dont want their country attacking Iraq without the backing of the United Nations.

Can some small comfort be found in the fact that the human race appears to be losing its liking for war? Its true the defence forces have lately been attracting more young people, but those who join the army these days are more likely to do so because it is a way of being paid while getting qualifications, and of having a secure career. I doubt many seriously envisage one day being required to kill people (even though they cant stipulate they wont be part of military action). It means no disloyalty to those now on their way to the Gulf to say most people these days dont want to fight.

Perhaps they never did. But although John Howards chest might swell at being able to send his forces to support Americas, the days of kings and chiefs, or even prime ministers, being able to command huge armies are over. People are too aware of individual rights; empire building is out of fashion; and globalisation and multiculturalism have made it harder to see other races as enemies. There is still such a thing as a just war, but it is harder these days to see any war as just.

The biggest cause of the lack of support for this war is the general distrust of the motives, or even the competency, of those who are pushing for it, as well as fear of what the consequences might be. There is widespread fear that the diplomatic ineptitude of a handful of men could plunge the world into a major war.

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The religious rhetoric and hectoring style of George Bush goes down particularly badly in the secular, liberal societies of Europe. I share the distrust of Bush, on whose face I am unable to discern a glimmer of wisdom. I share the horror at the thought of one Iraqi child being killed in this attack, should it happen. But it is here that I probably part company with many in the peace movement. Because what if Saddam Hussein really is as big a danger as they say he is, and continues to resist efforts to disarm him?

In 181 Israel bombed a nuclear reactor in Iraq. In 10 Iraq invaded Kuwait. In 000, according to a British Foreign Office report, Saddam approved amputation of the tongue as a penalty for criticism of him. The same report - and this has been confirmed by Iraqi women I have spoken to - says Saddams army retains professional rapists. Saddam has had and has used chemical weapons against his own people. The British Prime Minster, Tony Blair, whom I am inclined to trust, says Saddam either has or is developing nuclear, chemical or biological weapons and would use them. Are we willing to take the risk of him sending anthrax germs around the world?

The trouble with deciding whether or not a war is just is that it is usually only possible to know when it is over. Most people would now agree that World War II (but not the Vietnam War) was a just war. What if Saddam is just as dangerous as Hitler was?

Estimates have been made that up to 0,000 people may be killed as a result of an attack on Iraq. Experts warn of a conflagration in the region. The possible consequences are indeed terrifying.

But the truth is that even experts cannot predict what will happen. I have recently been rereading World Conflicts, by Patrick Brogan, published in 18. The author described Europe then as the most dangerous place on the planet, because of the imminent collapse of the Soviet Union. He warned that if all eastern European states demanded their freedom, the Soviet Union could revert to Stalinist thuggery to restore its authority. It is most unlikely that the dissolution of the greatest of all 0th century empires will be accomplished peacefully, he wrote.

Today the states of eastern Europe are getting ready to join the European Union, old enemies France and Germany are preparing to share government ministers, and Germany, still seen as potentially dangerous 15 years ago, is perhaps the most pacifist country in Europe.

I hope there is no war. I hope an indefinite presence of weapons inspectors in Iraq may buy time enough for Saddam to either agree to go, or be overthrown by his own people. If there must be force I hope it has the authority of the United Nations behind it, and that it is quick, with few civilian deaths (please, none).

I hope for peace in our time. But not peace at any price.

Pamela Bone is an associate editor of The Age.

How many dead Iraqis will it take?

January 0 00

It seems we are meant to believe that the children of Iraq somehow deserve their fate, writes Carmen Lawrence.

So much of the talk by those pressing for an attack on Iraq is stripped bare of the bloody reality of war. It is clinical, anaesthetised and intentionally devoid of emotion.

I dont think I have once heard Prime Minister John Howard talk of the Iraqi lives that would be obliterated, the inevitable legacy of disability, homelessness and the stream of refugees that would result from it Please note that this sample paper on yeso is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on yeso, we are here to assist you.Your research papers on yeso will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Kubla khan

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Kubla Khan

In Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem "Kubla Khan," Coleridge is writing about the process of becoming inspired to where his imagination can put together all the necessary pieces to form an art. He says that art is only a fragment of a much larger idea, which so happens to be the plane of creativity or one's own "pleasure dome." Even though this dome is Coleridge's dreaming interpretation of paradise, the poem is visionary as it taps into the power of creativity and imagination. The fact that this poem was inspired by a drug-induced dream is one thing, but the dream aspect is more important.Coleridge is relentless in his attempt to recreate his hallucination in order to produce his form of art for others to enjoy. If you actually think about living in the world today without imagination or art, one would have to be a machine due to not be affected by all of the depressing events that go on in the world. This poem goes to show that true artists crave for readers to open up their minds a little more, even if it's for only a couple of minutes. Coleridge also proves that by adding a little imagination, you are not only able to recreate anything, but you can fine tune things to however you want them.

By having the dream's location called Xanadu, Coleridge is giving us the readers, our first piece of evidence that this poem actually takes place in a delusional land. He is also telling us he has quite the imagination and those reading his work should use theirs too. By setting his poem in a dream, Coleridge gives himself a supernatural power to where he can create or destroy anything he chooses at any given time. But in the first stanza, he is just describing his land of paradise for the readers

In Xanadu did Kubla Khan/ A stately pleasure-dome decree;/

Where Alph, the sacred river, ran/ Through caverns measureless to man/

Down to a sunless sea./ So twice five miles of fertile ground/ With walls and

Towers were girdled round;/ And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills/

Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree…(Lines 1-8.)

Through out this first stanza, Coleridge uses several apparent biblical references in "Alph," "gardens," "tree," and even "river." The word Alph refers to Alpha, or the beginning. The garden can be related to the Garden of Eden, and the tree could be the apple tree from Genesis, the first book of the Bible. He writes about a "sacred river" which could also be tied to several stories throughout the Bible including various events with water. The true reasons he used these words might go unknown, however I believe Coleridge included them in his work to enhance the significance of using one's imagination. For example, by noting that these words have to do with the creation of man, one could assume that this poem's paradise is in fact a more important place than it really is. He is adding his own power by making it whatever he wants, and he does it very cleverly with his own imagination and common Bible knowledge.

By describing these caverns shaped like domes with plenty of greenery to brighten up on one's day, Coleridge sort of scans the area and gives us his train of thought. It appears as if Coleridge is just aimlessly writing, and waiting for something to pop-up into his imagination in order to jump start it even more

A savage place! As holy and enchanted/ As e'er beneath a waning moon was

Haunted/ By woman wailing for her demon-lover!/ And from this chasm,

With ceaseless turmoil seething,/ As if this earth in fast thick pants were breathing,/A mighty fountain momently was forced(14-1.)

This "savage place" refers to the creative state of mind, or even the sub-conscious state, which helps the writer become inspired. Coleridge mentions that it is a "holy and enchanted" spot where everything seems to fall into place for the author. However, in this poem, the inspiration hasn't quite hit Coleridge yet, that is until the images of the moon and the women come into his mind. Soon after they are mentioned, "a mighty fountain" emerges and Coleridge's imagination process seems to have been triggered. These images in the second stanza speak high volumes in the creative process. By just panning his own made-up land, Coleridge had a vision of something that automatically set off his mind to help it write that much easier. Now the imagination can flow endlessly to wherever the writer wants to go. And it is now clear that art is made up of several fragments that are expressed easier by having numerous visions described through out the poem.

It is almost as if Coleridge's imagination transfers into the readers' heads to narrate everything as if he just giving a tour and simply describing the events

Five miles meandering with a mazy motion/ Through wood and dale the sacred

River ran,/ Then reached the caverns measureless to man,/ And sank in tumult

To a lifeless ocean;/ And 'mid this tumult Kubla heard from far/ Ancestral voices

Prophesying war!(5-0.)

His descriptions of everything he sees and feels inside his own mind are extremely vivid as he recalls a mazy path leading into the woods. Coleridge even gives this "Kubla Khan" a voice, speaking of warfare that echoes through out his own pleasure-dome. But the real beauty of this poem comes in lines 5-6 "It was a miracle of rare device,/ A sunny pleasure-dome with caves of ice!" The idea of there actually being a place where the sun can shine and the ice can grace the linings of the cave is outstanding. ; A true touch of the imagination. He continues to see profound visions; "A damsel with a dulcimer"(7), and an "Abyssinian maid" playing a sweet and delightful symphony up on a mountain.

This particular song seems to inspire Coleridge further as his writing gives off a sense of utter joy and excitement

I would build that dome in air,/ That sunny dome! Those caves of ice!/

And all who heard should see them there,/ And all should cry, Beware! Beware!

His flashing eyes, his floating hair!/ Weave a circle round him thrice(46-51).

Coleridge has now announced his exact location for his glorious pleasure-dome to where everyone can enjoy it. The lines can easily be read aloud with the sheer enthusiasm Coleridge shows in his final stanza. His imagination has included even more of his sunny dome and his icy cave to the point where people would realize he is truly experiencing something worthwhile. The idea of a "thrice" protecting him from anyone who might misunderstand him or even interrupt him is definitely a safety device for his sake. But I believe Coleridge is attempting to defend those people who are already in touch with their imagination as they are at often times looked upon as being out of the ordinary. Nevertheless, he is more so trying to open up those minds of the critics, so they can go to their own paradise as well, and not be so quick to judge others.

Coleridge closes his poem with "And drunk the milk of Paradise"(54). In a footnote, the milk is described as having to do with the Bacchic maidens who drew milk and honey from the rivers when they were not in their right frame of minds. Even though the book states that these maidens were under some sort of influence, Coleridge's "Kubla Khan" was just another way of searching for the imagination within one's self. So many people are afraid to be different nowadays, that they have to hold back their dissimilar ideas and opinions just so they aren't made fun of. And I believe Coleridge is truly someone to cherish, because in this particular poem he was not afraid to go outside the boundaries and be different. His intentions were to rehash a dream he had where he came to his own pleasure-dome, and his own imagination helped depict those visions. Despite the fact that he may have had an opium-influenced dream should be looked past, as the true beauties of the imagination are in fact in a Paradise of their own.

Please note that this sample paper on kubla khan is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on kubla khan, we are here to assist you.Your research papers on kubla khan will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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